纤维蛋白原(2)

2023-05-10 14:56:27

"上周我们了解了纤维蛋白原的功能,这周的文章内容是关于纤维蛋白原生产的简介。"


1.带着问题阅读文章


有几种方法分离血浆中的纤维蛋白原?

纤维蛋白原的原料有哪些?

生物工程技术是如何获得纤维蛋白原?


2.文章正文


PRODUCTION OF FIBRINOGEN

纤维蛋白原的生产

Various techniques have been used to isolate and concentrate fibrinogen from pooled plasma including conventional precipitation, cryoprecipitation, and chromatographic purification. One of the common starting materials used for the purification of fibrinogen is Fraction I paste, the gummy paste obtained after the addition of 8% ethanol to plasma under controlled conditions (2 to 4℃, pH 7.2). This paste can be collected by either centrifugation, or by adding filter-aid, for example, Celite, then separating the insoluble mass in a filter press. 


有多种技术已能从混合血浆中分离和浓缩纤维蛋白原,包括常规沉淀法,冷沉淀法层析纯化法。用于纤维蛋白原纯化的常用原始始材料之一是组分I沉淀,在控制条件下(24℃pH7.2)向血浆中加入8%乙醇后获得该沉淀。可以通过离心或通过添加助滤剂(例如硅藻土)收集沉淀,然后在压滤机中分离得到不溶物。


Alternatively, fibrinogen can be obtained from cryoprecipitate, a gel-like paste formed from frozen plasma, by thawing at low temperatures. The cryoprecipitate, which is enriched in Factor VIII and vWF as well as fibrinogen, can be recovered by centrifugation. This is a well-established method for preparing fibrinogen-enriched solutions from plasma and solvent/detergent (S/D) plasma. Some groups have used this technique to concentrate the fibrinogen to levels appropriate for a fibrin sealant (>40 mg/mL).


另外,纤维蛋白原可以从冷沉淀物中获得,该冷沉淀物是由冷冻血浆形成的凝胶状糊状物,通过在低温下解冻而获得。可以通过离心回收富含因子VIIIvWF以及纤维蛋白原的冷沉淀。 这是从血浆和S / D血浆制备富含纤维蛋白原溶液的成熟方法。一些公司已经使用这种技术将纤维蛋白原浓缩至适合纤维蛋白密封剂> 40mg / mL)的水平。


Animals, such as mice and sheep, have been engineered to secrete human fibrinogen in their milk]. Cation exchange or hydrophobic chromatographic techniques have generally been used to isolate fibrinogen from the milk of these transgenic animals.


动物如小鼠和绵羊已通过基因工程等方法使其乳汁中分泌人纤维蛋白原。通常使用阳离子交换疏水性色谱技术从这些转基因动物的乳汁中分离纤维蛋白原。


3.重点词汇


isolate ['aɪsə.leɪt]

v.孤立;将剔出(以便看清和单独处理);使(某物质、细胞等)分离

concentrate [ˈkɑnsənˌtreɪt]

n..浓缩物

v.使集中(或集合、聚集);(使)浓缩

pooled[pul]

n.(天然)水坑;沉淀池;游泳池

v.共享;合办;以(资金等)入股;集中(智慧等)

precipitation [prɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n]

n.降水;沉淀;淀析

cryoprecipitation

n.冷沉淀反应

chromatographic

adj.色谱的;色谱仪的;色谱法的;色层分析的

Fraction [ˈfrækʃ(ə)n]n.

n.分数;小部分;小数;少量

paste[peɪst]

v.粘贴;粘合;拼贴;贴入

n.面团;糨糊;肉(或鱼等)酱(作涂抹料或烹饪用)

adj.人造的;假的

centrifugation

n.离心(分离)

filter [ˈfɪltər]

n.滤波器;过滤器;滤光器;滤声器

v.过滤;渗入;(用程序)筛选;缓行

aid [eɪd]

v.帮助;协助;支持;接济

n.帮助;助手;工具;手段

filter-aid助渗剂

celite

n赛力特硅藻土;一种硅藻土型担体;硅藻土绝热物;硅藻土的商品名称

separating [ˈsepərət]

v.分离;分开;隔离;脱离

adj各别的;各自的;各个的;单独的

n(杂志论文的)抽印本;单行本;可以不配套单独穿的妇女服装

insoluble [ɪnˈsɑljəb(ə)l]

adj.无法解决的;不能解释的;不能溶解的;不溶的

thawing [θɔ]

n.解冻;融霜;缓和;融雪[融霜]的温暖气候 v.融化;

well-established

 adj.成熟的

sealant [ˈsiːlənt]

n.密封胶;密封剂;防渗漏剂

secrete [sɪˈkriːt]

v.分泌;藏匿(小物件

cation exchange阳离子交换

hydrophobic

n.疏水性;憎水;厌水物

adj.疏水性的;疏水的;憎水的;恐水病的

transgenic [ˌtrænzˈdʒenɪk]

n.转基因学;转基因(做法);转基因植物(或动物)

adj.转基因的


4.参考答案


有几种方法分离血浆中的纤维蛋白原?

Various techniques havee been usd to isolate and concentrate fibrinogen from pooled plasma including conventional precipitation, cryoprecipitation, and chromatographic purification.


纤维蛋白原的原料有哪些?

One of the common starting materials used for the purification of fibrinogen is Fraction I paste, the gummy paste obtained after the addition of 8% ethanol to plasma under controlled conditions (2 to 4℃, pH 7.2).

Alternatively, fibrinogen can be obtained from cryoprecipitate, a gel-like paste formed from frozen plasma, by thawing at low temperatures.


生物工程技术是如何获得纤维蛋白原?

Cation exchange or hydrophobic chromatographic techniques have generally been used to isolate fibrinogen from the milk of these transgenic animals.

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